Ibintu by'ingenzi bya tekiniki bya moteri ya eVTOL

1. Ibiranga tekiniki byamoteri ya eVTOL

In amashanyarazi akwirakwizwamoteri zitwara moteri nyinshi cyangwa amashyushya menshi ku mababa cyangwa fuselage kugira ngo zikore sisitemu yo gutwara indege. Ubucucike bw'ingufu za moteri bugira ingaruka zitaziguye ku bushobozi bw'indege bwo gutwara imizigo. Ubushobozi bw'ingufu zisohoka, kwizera no kwihuza n'ibidukikije bya moteri ni ibintu by'ingenzi mu kugena imiterere y'ikirere n'umutekano w'indege zikoresha amashanyarazi. Guhitamo imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi, indege zitagira abapilote na moteri za eVTOL biratandukanye bitewe n'ibiciro bitandukanye, uburyo bwo gukoresha n'izindi mpamvu [1].

(Ifoto yavuye: Urubuga rwemewe rwa Network/Safran)

1) Imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi: rukuruzi ihoraho kurushahomoteri zihuza ibintu,moteri za rukuruzi zihoraho zifite imikorere myiza kandi zifite imbaraga nyinshi zishobora gutanga uburambe bwiza bwo gutwara. Muri icyo gihe, imbaraga nyinshi za moteri za rukuruzi zihoraho zishobora no gufasha imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi kubona ingufu nyinshi munsi y’ingano imwe.

(2) UAV: ​​ikoreshwa cyane idakoresha uburosoMoteri ya DC.Moteri ya DC idafite uburoso ifite uburemere buke n'urusaku ruto, kandi ikiguzi cyo kuyibungabunga ni gito, ibi bikaba bikwiranye n'ibisabwa mu ndege za UAV; Icya kabiri, umuvuduko wa moteri ya DC idafite uburoso ni munini, ibi bikaba bikwiranye n'ibikenewe mu ndege zitagira abapilote ziguruka vuba cyane. Urugero, DJI ikoresha moteri zidafite uburoso.

(3) eVTOL: Ibisabwa cyane kugira ngo moteri ikore neza kandi igire torque nyinshi, moteri ihoraho ikoresha magnet synchronous ni igisubizo cyiza cyane ku buryo bw'amashanyarazi, kuko moteri ihoraho ikoresha magnetism ifite umuvuduko mwinshi w'ikoreshwa ry'umwanya wa radial, kandi ubucucike bw'ingufu n'ubucucike bw'ingufu bifite akamaro mu gihe cy'uburebure buto bw'umurambararo. Indege zikoresha amashanyarazi za VTOL, nka Joby S4 na Archer Midnight, zose zikoresha moteri zihoraho zikoresha magnet synchronous [1].

Ishusho ikurikira igaragaza ishusho y'igicu cy'imbaraga za magnetic induction za rotor imwe-stator imwe-rotor axial flux moteri

Ishusho ikurikira ni igereranya ry'ibipimo bya moteri y'indege zikoresha amashanyarazi n'ibipimo bya moteri y'imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi

Iterambere rya moteri ya 2.eVTOL
Muri iki gihe, icyerekezo cy’ingenzi cy’iterambere rya sisitemu y’ingufu za eVTOL ni ukugabanya uburemere bw’imiterere ya moteri n’uburemere bw’inyongera bwa sisitemu yo gukonjesha binyuze mu kunoza ikoranabuhanga ryo gushushanya amashanyarazi, ikoranabuhanga ryo gucunga ubushyuhe n’ikoranabuhanga ryoroheje, no kunoza buri gihe ubucucike bw’ingufu za moteri n’ubushobozi bwo gutanga ingufu mu bihe bitandukanye. Dukurikije "Ubushakashatsi n’Iterambere ry’Imodoka Ziguruka n’Ikoranabuhanga ry’ingenzi", moteri itwara indege yashoboye gutuma ubucucike bw’ingufu z’umubiri wa moteri burenga 5kW/kg ikoresheje ibikoresho byo gukingira bifite ubushyuhe bwinshi, ibikoresho bya magneti bihoraho bifite ubucucike bw’ingufu za magneti bwinshi n’ibikoresho byoroheje by’imiterere. Mu kunoza imiterere y’imiterere ya moteri, nko gukoresha Halbach magnetic array, imiterere idafite icyuma, uruziga rwa Litz n’izindi koranabuhanga, ndetse no kunoza imiterere yo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe bwa moteri, biteganijwe ko ubucucike bw’ingufu z’umubiri wa moteri bushobora kugera kuri 10kW/kg mu 2030, kandi ubucucike bw’ingufu buzarenga 13kW/kg mu 2035 [1].

3. Kugereranya inzira z'amashanyarazi n'iz'ubwoko bwa hybrid
Ugereranyije n'inzira y'amashanyarazi isanzwe n'inzira y'imvange, uhereye ku mahitamo y'inganda zibishinzwe ubu, umushinga wa eVTOL wo mu gihugu ushingiye ahanini ku buryo bw'amashanyarazi busanzwe, bugamiwe n'ubucucike bw'ingufu za bateri za lithiamu-ion, kandi ubushobozi buke bwa eVTOL ni bwo buryo bwiza bwo kugwa mu ikoranabuhanga ry'amashanyarazi. Mu mahanga, bamwe mu bakora bashyizeho gahunda y'imvange mbere y'igihe, kandi bafashe iya mbere mu byiciro byinshi byo kugerageza no gusubiramo. Nkuko bigaragara mu mbonerahamwe ikurikira, uburyo bw'imvange bugaragara ko bukomeye mu nguni y'ubudahangarwa, kandi bushobora kugera ku bikorwa byinshi mu gihe cy'intera iri hagati n'uburebure buke mu gihe kizaza [1].